Adherence to Combination Antiretroviral Therapy among Pregnant Women Enrolled in a HIV Prevention Program in Rural North-central Nigeria

Authors

  • Cedrina L. Calder, MD, MSPH Meharry Medical College, School of Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
  • Heather O, MD, MSPH Meharry Medical College, School of Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
  • Mohammad Tabatabai, PhD Meharry Medical College, School of Graduate Studies and Research, Department of Biostatistics, Nashville, TN, USA
  • Celia J. Maxwell, MD Howard University Hospital, Department of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
  • Salisha Marryshow, MPH Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Nashville, TN, USA
  • Aima A. Ahonkhai, MD, MPH Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt Institute for Global Health, Department of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
  • Carolyn M. Audet, PhD, MPH Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt Institute for Global Health, Department of Health Policy, Nashville, TN, USA
  • C. William Wester, MD, MPH Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt Institute for Global Health, Department of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
  • Muktar H. Aliyu, MD, DrPH Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt Institute for Global Health, Department of Health Policy, Nashville, TN, USA

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21106/ijma.327

Keywords:

HIV/AIDS , PMTCT , Combination antiretroviral therapy, Adherence , PMCTC , Nigeria

Abstract

Objective: Adherence to combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) among pregnant women is essential to attaining the goal of eliminating mother-to-child HIV transmission. The objective of this study was to determine which factors affect adherence to ART among HIV-positive women enrolled in a large prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission (PMTCT) trial in rural north-central Nigeria.

Methods: The parent study included 372 HIV-positive pregnant women enrolled in a cluster-randomized control trial conducted at 12 health facilities in Nigeria between 2013 and 2015. This secondary analysis included HIV-positive women (and their infants) from the original trial with documented adherence data (n=210, 56.5%). The primary outcome was maternal adherence to ART, determined by self-report and based on the visual analogue scale (VAS) of a validated medication adherence tool. Participants with a VAS score of ? 95% were classified as adherent. We employed multivariate logistic regression to evaluate the predictors of maternal ART adherence in the study sample.

Results: Approximately 61.0% of study participants (128/210) were adherent to ART. The majority of adherent participants (62.5%, 80/128) were enrolled in the trial intervention arm. The most common cited response for non-adherence was fear of status disclosure. Adherence to ART was associated with study arm (intervention arm vs. control arm, adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) [95% CI]: 16.95 [5.30-54.23]), maternal ethnicity (Gwari vs. Other, aOR = 0.13 [0.05-0.38]), and partner HIV status (HIV-positive vs. unknown, aOR = 3.14 [1.22-8.07]).

Conclusion and Global Health Implications: Adherence to ART among a cohort of pregnant women enrolled in a PMTCT trial in rural North-Central Nigeria was associated with trial arm, maternal self- reported ethnicity, and partner HIV status. Increased understanding of the interplay between these factors will enable the development of more targeted and effective interventions.

 

Copyright © 2020 Calder et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Downloads

Publication History

Issue

Vol. 9 No. 1

Section

Original Article

License

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Related Articles