Epidemiology of burn victims admitted in the tertiary care hospital of Peshawar
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Every year, significant amount of patients suffer from burns injuries resulting both in morbidity and mortality. Burn injuries are of especial important due the fact that these injuries affect people of both sexes and of all ages, thus not confined to any specific age group or gender. The current study was undertaken to find the frequency of burn victims admitted in Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar and to identify various causes responsible for the burn injuries. More the study was also conducted to assess the severity of burn injuries reported and to evaluate the ultimate outcome of burn victims at the time of discharge.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of burn victims admitted in tertiary care hospital of Peshawar.
METHODOLOGY: A descriptive study was carried out at Burn & Plastic Surgery Unit of Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar. The data of the year 2013 was collected from the record register and patients files. The sample size was 49. Convenience sampling technique was used. The ethical consideration was taken in account and confidentiality of subjects was secured. The data was analyzed in SPSS Version 19. The entire study duration was about 5 months.
RESULTS: Total 1103 patients were admitted in the year 2013 with burn injuries out of which the record of 49 patients were taken under consideration for data analysis (n=49, M: 26 & F:23). The mean age calculated was 27.63 years while the standard deviation was 17.34 years. 33 patients had not received any first aid before coming to the hospital. Flame injuries were the commonest cause followed by electrical and chemical burns. The percentage of Total Body Surface Area (TBSA) burn ranged from 2% to 61%. Inhalation injury was present in 3 patients. The mean length of hospital stay calculated was 8.98 days. 5 patients were having previous history of burn. 22.4% patients were sufferer of chronic diseases at the time of admission. Majority of the patients were having facial burns followed by burns involving legs and arms. History of violence was positive in 6 patients. 23 patients were having first degree burns, 12 were having second degree burns while the remaining 12 patients were having third degree burns. 32 patients were completely healthy at the time of discharge, 5 patients got disabled, 6 patients died while rest of the 6 were referred to other hospitals.
CONCLUSION: Flame injuries were commonest among patients while hot liquid burns and steam burns were least common. Facial burns were most common followed by burns involving upper and lower limbs. Most of the patients were having first degree burns. Majority of the patients were completely healthy at the time of discharge however morbidity as well as mortality was also reported in few cases.
KEY WORDS: Burns, Scalds, Total body surface area, Disability adjusted life years
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