PATHOLOGIES PRESENTING AS CHRONIC CERVICAL LYMPHADINOPATHIES
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Lymphadenopathy is the pathological enlargement of the lymph nodes. Cervical lymphadenopathy is a very common clinical presentation and in fact cervical region lymph node involvement is the most common presentation of cervical pathology anywhere in the human body. In the pediatric age group, acute cervical lymphadenopathy is mostly infectious in origin. The main differential diagnoses are tuberculosis, carcinoma and lymphoid malignancies.
OBJECTIVE: Objective of the study was to determine; the frequency of the different pathologies presenting as chronic cervical lymphadenopathy of more than 3 weeks in patients 10-50 years of age.
METHODOLOGY: This was a cross sectional descriptive study carried out on 271 patients at ENT Department, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar from 12th August 2010 to 12th August 2011. All those patients were enrolled in the study who had complained of cervical swelling of >1 cm on clinical examination of more than 3 weeks. All the patients enrolled in study underwent excision biopsy of the cervical lymph nodes and were sent for histopathology evaluation. The results were obtained and were presented as tables, charts and bars.
RESULTS: In this study, 271 patients with cervical lymphadenopathy were observed, in which 119(43.91%) were female and 152(56.09%) were male patients. Mean age was 37.6 years ± 10.55 SD. Pathologies of cervical lymphadenopathy showed that tuberculosis was the main leading pathology which was found in 116(42.8%), patients non hodgkins lymphoma was found in 24(8.9%), patients hodgkins lymphoma was present in 17(6.3%) patients while the rest of 114(42.1%) patients gave the yield of some other pathologies like metastatic carcinoma etc.
CONCLUSION: Tuberculosis is the commonest cause of cervical Lymphadenopathy in our clinical practice. Other less common causes of cervical lymphadenopathy are Hodgkin and non Hodgkins lymphoma.
KEY WORDS: Tuberculosis, Cervical Lymphadenopathy, Reactive Change, Incision Biopsy.
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