Does science dissemination have a gender?
Analysis of the articles published in The Conversation on Covid-19
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37467/revtechno.v12.4513Keywords:
Dissemination, Science, Covid-19, Gender, Interaction, Women, HealthAbstract
This article analyzes the articles published on Covid-19 in the Spanish version of The Conversation from a gender perspective through a quantitative and qualitative analysis of 306 texts published over a year. The results indicate a greater presence of men in the first moments of the health emergency, while female scientists have only had a greater presence in social issues. Likewise, the texts signed by women have obtained less interaction from the audiences and a higher proportion of negative responses.
References
Andersen, J. P., Nielsen, M. W., Simone, N. L., Lewiss, R. E., & Jagsi, R. (2020). Meta-Research: COVID-19 medical papers have fewer women first authors than expected. Elife, 9. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.58807
Alcíbar, M. (2015). Comunicación pública de la ciencia y la tecnología: una aproximación crítica a su historia conceptual. Arbor, 191(773), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3989/arbor.2015.773n3012
Alonso-Arroyo, A.; Bolaños Pizarro, M.; González Alcaide, G.; Villamón, M., & Aleixandre Benavent, R. (2010). Análisis de género, productividad científica y colaboración de las profesoras universitarias de Ciencias de la Salud en la Comunidad Valenciana (2003-2007). Revista Española de Documentación Científica, 33 (4), 624-642. https://bit.ly/3CHUBqm
Amarasekara, I., & Grant, W. J. (2019). Exploring the YouTube science communication gender gap: A sentiment analysis. Public Understanding of Science, 28(1), 68-84.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0963662518786654
Andreu, J. (2001). Las técnicas de análisis de contenido: una revisión actualizada [en línea]. Disponible en: https://bit.ly/2PL0kkW (consulta: 15 de julio de 2021).
Anzivino, M. (2021). Is public engagement gendered? An analytical proposal using some evidence from Italy. Public Understanding of Science. https://doi.org/10.1177/09636625211002060
Cambronero-Saiz, B., Segarra-Saavedra, J., & Cristófol-Rodríguez, C. (2021). Análisis desde la perspectiva de género del engagement de los principales youtubers de divulgación científica= Analysis of the engagement of the main popular science youtubers from a gender perspective. Cuestiones de género: de la igualdad y la diferencia, 16, 511-525. https://bit.ly/3kc9xa4
Carli, L. L., Alawa, L., Lee, Y., Zhao, B., & Kim, E. (2016). Stereotypes about gender and science: Women≠ scientists. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 40(2), 244-260. https://bit.ly/3GEdHyU
Casero-Ripollés, Andreu (2020). Impact of Covid-19 on the media system. Communicative and democratic consequences of news consumption during the outbreak. Profesional de la información, 29(2), e290223. https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2020.mar.23
Chinetti, S. (2021). Academic productivity and pandemic. Evidence from female economists during the COVID-19 crisis. Disponible en: https://bit.ly/3Xh8GTM (consulta: 14 de julio de 2021).
Clavijo, A. (2021). Trajectories of scientific production and family conciliation of women researchers in Quito. Cadernos de Educação Tecnologia e Sociedade, 14, 45-60. https://bit.ly/3Xr902h
Conversation, The. 10 motivos que nos hacen diferentes. https://bit.ly/3vVXHDo
Côté, I. M., & Darling, E. S. (2018). Scientists on Twitter: Preaching to the choir or singing from the rooftops? Facets, 3(1), 682-694. https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2018-0002
Delgado López-Cózar E., & Martín-Martín A. (2020). La viralidad de la ciencia defectuosa: el contagioso impacto mediático de un preprint en bioRxiv sobre el coronavirus y sus efectos en la comunicación científica. Universidad de Granada. Disponible en: https://bit.ly/3CJLlSV
Deryugina, T., Shurchkov, O., & Stearns, J. (2021, May). Covid-19 disruptions disproportionately affect female academics. In AEA Papers and Proceedings 111 (pp. 164-68). https://bit.ly/3IE7pSF
Diviu-Miñarro, C., & Cortiñas-Rovira, S. (2020). Cómo comunicar una pandemia a la sociedad: la visión de los profesionales. Estudio de caso de la Covid-19 en el sur de Europa. Profesional de la Informacion, 29(5). https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2020.sep.12
Duch, J., Zeng, X. H. T., Sales-Pardo, M., Radicchi, F., Otis, S., Woodruff, T. K., & Nunes Amaral, L. A. (2012). The possible role of resource requirements and academic career-choice risk on gender differences in publication rate and impact. PloS one, 7(12), e51332. https://bit.ly/3CLNk99
Eizmendi-Iraola, M., & Peña-Fernández, S. (2021). Fewer and Later: Women as Experts in TED Talks about COVID-19. Journalism and Media, 2(4), 808–818. https://bit.ly/3W4tHzR
Eizmendi-Iraola, M., & Peña-Fernández, S. (2022). Gender Stereotypes Make Women Invisible: The Presence of Female Scientists in the Media. Social Sciences, 12(1), 30.
https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci12010030
González-Sala, F., & Osca-Lluch, J. (2018). Desigualdad de género en órganos directivos y producción científica de las revistas iberoamericanas de psicología de mayor visibilidad internacional. Revista Española de Documentación Científica, 41 (3), e211. https://bit.ly/3QGNNzm
Holden C. (2001). General contentment masks gender gap in first AAAS salary and job survey. Science, 294 (5541), 396-411. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.294.5541.396
Holman, L., Stuart-Fox, D., & Hauser, C. E. (2018). The gender gap in science: How long until women are equally represented? PLoS biology, 16(4), e2004956. https://bit.ly/2TpxNr5
Iyengar, S., & Simon, A. F. (2000). New perspectives and evidence on political communication and campaign effects. Annual review of psychology, 51(1), 149-169. https://bit.ly/3CJXirz
Kalia, V., Patel, A. K., Moriarity, A. K., & Canon, C. L. (2017). Personal branding: a primer for radiology trainees and radiologists. Journal of the American College of Radiology, 14(7), 971-975. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacr.2017.03.017
King, M. M., & Frederickson, M. E. (2021). The Pandemic Penalty: The gendered effects of COVID-19 on scientific productivity. Socius, 7. https://doi.org/10.1177/23780231211006977
Krippendorff, K. (1990). Metodología de análisis de contenido. Teoría y Práctica. Paidos Comunicación.
Krukowski, R. A., Jagsi, R., & Cardel, M. I. (2021). Academic productivity differences by gender and child age in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, and medicine faculty during the COVID- 19 pandemic. Journal of Women's Health, 30(3), 341-347. https://bit.ly/3k0VKTy
Larivière, V., Ni, C., Gingras, Y., Cronin, B., & Sugimoto, C. R. (2013). Bibliometrics: Global gender disparities in science. Nature News, 504(7479), 211. https://bit.ly/3iERiJP
Lazcano-Peña, D., Viedma, G. C., & Alcaino, T. V. (2019). Comunicación de la ciencia desde la mirada de los investigadores universitarios: entre el indicador y la vocación. Formación universitaria, 12(6), 27-40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0718-50062019000600027
Lerchenmueller, M. J., Sorenson, O., & Jena, A. B. (2019). Gender differences in how scientists present the importance of their research: observational study. bmj, 367. https://bit.ly/3IDpssa
Mestres, M. G., García, A. M., & Romero, M. D. I. (2012). La percepción social de los principales divulgadores españoles de la ciencia/Social perception of the main Spanish popular-science communicators. Estudios sobre el mensaje periodístico, 18(2), 757. https://bit.ly/3W6T0kM
Moss-Racusin, C. A., Dovidio, J. F., Brescoll, V. L., Graham, M. J., & Handelsman, J. (2012). Science faculty’s subtle gender biases favor male students. Proceedings of the national academy of sciences, 109(41), 16474-16479. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1211286109
Mueller, C. M., Gaudilliere, D. K., Kin, C., Menorca, R., & Girod, S. (2016). Gender disparities in scholarly productivity of US academic surgeons. Journal of Surgical Research, 203(1), 28-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2016.03.060
Myers, K. R., Tham, W. Y., Yin, Y., Cohodes, N., Thursby, J. G., Thursby, M. C., ... & Wang, D. (2020). Unequal effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on scientists. Nature human behaviour, 4(9), 880- 883. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-020-0921-y
Ortiz-Núñez, R. (2020). Análisis métrico de la producción científica sobre COVID-19 en SCOPUS.
Revista Cubana de Información en Ciencias de la Salud, 31(3). https://bit.ly/3ka4iYy
Palomar Verea, C. (2009). Maternidad y mundo académico. Alteridades, 19(38), 55-73. https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/747/74714814005.pdf
Pereira, M. D. M. (2021). Researching gender inequalities in academic labor during the COVID‐19 pandemic: Avoiding common problems and asking different questions. Gender, Work & Organization, 28(S2), 498–509. https://doi.org/10.1111/gwao.12618
Peters, H. P., Dunwoody, S., Allgaier, J., Lo, Y. Y., & Brossard, D. (2014). Public communication of science 2.0: Is the communication of science via the “new media” online a genuine transformation or old wine in new bottles? EMBO reports, 15(7), 749-753. https://bit.ly/3H18FxK
Revuelta, G. (2018). Formación en comunicación en los estudios de grado. Análisis en las áreas de ciencias de la salud y la vida, ciencias ambientales y ciencias naturales. Mediaciones de la Comunicación, 13(2), 159-182. https://doi.org/10.18861/ic.2018.13.2.2872
Segovia-Saiz, C., Briones-Vozmediano, E., Pastells-Peiró, R., González-María, E., & Gea-Sánchez, M. (2021). Techo de cristal y desigualdades de género en la carrera profesional de las mujeres académicas e investigadoras en ciencias biomédicas. Gaceta Sanitaria, 34, 403-410. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2018.10.008
Torres-Albero, C., Fernández-Esquinas, M., Rey-Rocha, J., & Martín-Sempere, M. J. (2011). Dissemination practices in the Spanish research system: scientists trapped in a golden cage. Public Understanding of Science, 20(1), 12-25. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963662510382361
Trench, B. (2009). Science reporting in the electronic embrace of the Internet. En Holliman, R., Whitelegg, L., Scanlon, E., Smidt, S. and Thomas, J. (Eds.). Investigating science communication in
the information age: Implications for public engagement and popular media (pp 166-180). Oxford University Press.
Van der Lee, R., & Ellemers, N. (2015). Gender contributes to personal research funding success in The Netherlands. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112(40), 12349-12353. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1510159112
Vasconcelos, E. F., Casali, M. E. A., de Araújo, K. A., & Pereira, K. L. (2021). O impacto da pandemia da COVID-19 no fenômeno do declínio organizacional: uma análise da produção científica. Brazilian Journal of Business, 3(1), 1075-1088. https://doi.org/10.34140/bjbv3n1-061
Vega, P. V. (Ed.). (2010). La feminización de las profesiones sanitarias. Fundacion BBVA.
Welbourne, D. J., & Grant, W. J. (2016). Science communication on YouTube: Factors that affect channel and video popularity. Public understanding of science, 25(6), 706-718. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963662515572068
Wimmer, R., & Dominick, J. (1996). La investigación científica de los medios de comunicación. Barcelona: Bosch Comunicación.
Wright, K. A., Haastrup, T., & Guerrina, R. (2021). Equalities in freefall? Ontological insecurity and the long-term impact of COVID‐19 in the academy. Gender, Work & Organization, 28, 163-167. https://doi.org/10.1111/gwao.12518