Outcome of Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis at a Tertiary Care Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan

Abstract

Background.  MDR TB is a major health problem. Proper counseling and education of DR-TB  patients regarding adherence  to therapy, monitoring side effects of treatment and controlling the comorbidities lead to better out come.

Objective: To determine the outcome of MDR-TB at tertiary care hospital, Rahim Yar Khan.

Methodology: This retrospective cohort study was carried out at Department of Pulmonology Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan. A total of 231 patients of pulmonary MDR were included from May 2014 to December 2017 between the ages of 10 to 80 years  of either sex. Extra pulmonary DR-TB, Poly drug resistant TB, XDR and patients on shorter regimen of DR –TB were excluded from the study. Treatment outcomes like cured, treatment complete, died, treatment failure and lost to follow up were defined according to WHO definitions. Data was then analyzed with SPSS version 22.0

Results: Out of 231 patients, 123 (57.1%) were males and 99 (42.9%) were females with mean age of 36.13+ 16 yrs. Regarding treatment outcome, 115 patients (49.8%) cured, 1 patient (0.4%) completed, 67  (29.0%) patients died, 5 (2.2%) patients showed treatment failure, 6 (2.6%) patients lost to follow up, 27 (11.7%) patents are still under treatment and treatment of 10 (4.3%) patients not valuated. Over all successful outcome (treatment completed and cured)   was 50.2% while unsuccessful outcome (died, treatment failure, lost to follow up, painters still under treatment and treatment not evaluated) was 49.8%.

Conclusion:   The successful outcome was 50.2% among the pulmonary MDR-TB patients which is close to WHO target success rate i.e, 55%. Younger age groups showed significantly better outcome.